Ностратические корни на G

Главная > Ностратические корни - G

Реконструкции Иллич-Свитыча: ностратическо-русский | русско-ностратический | по темам | частицы и аффиксы

Словники Бомхарда: ! (ʔ) | ? (ʕ) | A (!- и ?-) | B | D, Dj, Dz | G, Gj, Gw | H | Kh, Kjh, Kwh, K', Kj', Kw' | L | M | N, Nj | Ph | Qh, Q', Qw' | R | S, Sj, Sw | Th, Tjh, T', Tj'; Tl', Tlh; Ts, Ts' | W | Y || по темам | подтверждено

Евразийский словарь Старостина: *ʔ | *ʕ | A | B | C, C' | Č, Č' | D, Dʷ | E | G | H, Hʷ | I | J | K | L | Ɫ | M | N | Ń | Ŋ | O | P | Q | R | S | Š | T | U | V | W | X | Z | Ʒ | Ž | Ǯ

Лексика праязыков-потомков: Афразийская (с семитской) | Индохеттская ( с балтийской и славянской )

Список праностратических лексем, начинающихся на G.

Всего - 158 корней (581 - 728), 187 лексем.

Дополнительный источник - Nostratic Dictionary, A (p. 562-722) [PDF 1,6 Мб].

581. ^*g?'we' incl.

582. ^*gai or *gay∇ 'high'

583. ^*gua (или *gu? a) 'to butt, to stab, to strike'

584. ^*gau 'catch, take, receive' > IE: *g?e?u- > NaIE *g?au- 'receive, catch'

585. ^*gu∇ 'to perceive, to care' > IE: NaIE *g?ow(e)-({EI} *g?ou-) v. ^*g?ou- 'perceive, pay heed to'

586. ^*gib∇ ( -∇'head' (‘ 'top', 'skull') > IE: NaIE *g?eb?-el-\ -?l- \ -lo- 'head, top', {EI} *g?eb?ol 'head'

587. ^*gob∇ 'plain (Ebene), earth'

588. ?*guu bp'heap, hump, hunchback' > IE: L gius,∇L {ML} *gu us 'hunchback'

589. ^*gab∇ 'thick, dense; large'

590. ^*gu? b∇ 'to bend' (trans., intr.) > IE: NaIE *g?eub- \ *g?ub- id., 'bent, crooked'

591. ^*gab∇ (или *gab∇?) 'hold, seize; collect' > IE: NaIE *g?ab?- v. 'seize, hold'*g?ab- v. 'seize', {EI} *g?ab?- 'take, seize'

592. ^*gu y b∇ 'to heat' (‘ 'to cook, to roast, to burn, to dry') > IE: NaIE *0g[?]ob[?]- или *0g[?]Wob[?]-, *0g[?]ub[?]- 'fire'

593. ?^*g?b∇( L∇'hill, mountain' > IE: NaIE *°g?+g?∇b[?]- > MHG gupf(e) 'h?chste Spitze'dim. MHG gupfel, gipfel > NHG Gipfel 'summit'

594.*gib H *- H b - 'blunt, weak' > IE: NaIE *k?ab?-*k?ob?- 'blunt(ed), weak, powerless (abgestumpft, kraftlos)'

595. ^*gub∇ *gub∇ 'back, back side, nape (of neck)' > IE: [1] NaIE *0g[?][W]urb[?]- > Sl *g?rb? 'back (dorsum)', [2] NaIE *gWerwa ? *gWr?wa 'nape of neck'

596. ^*gic∇ 'injure, irritate' > IE: NaIE *g?eisd-?*geisd?- v. id., 'rile'

597. ^*gic∇ (или *gic∇?) 'hip, thigh' > AdSof IE: NaIE *keis- 'arm, thigh, shank'

598. ^*gida 'bank, shore, side of sth.'

599. ^*gid∇ '(to be) suitable\good; luck' > IE: NaIE *g?ed?- \ *g?od?- v. 'be suitable \ good'

600. ^*gdi'back part; occiput, nape of neck' > IE:NaIE *g?ed- 'anus', (‘?) 'defecate' (? NaIE *0g?+g?ed- 'hole')

601. ^*gud∇(или *gud∇?) '? to cut, to tear' > IE: NaIE *gWed?- 'destroy'

602. ^*gud∇*gut∇ 'belly, middle' > IE: NaIE *gud- \ *geud-, *gudo-m 'gut'

602a. ^*gu?d~*gu?d∇ (или *gu?Z~*gu?Z∇) 'to guard, to watch, to be on the watch for'

603. ^*gaydi(? *gayt i?) 'kid, younggoat',' antelope' > IE: NaIE *g?+g?aido- '(young) goat'

603a. ^*gedus∇ 'late, evening' (‘ 'yesterday') > IE: NaIE {P} *g?Dyes \ *g?Dis 'yesterday'

604. ^*gau g'covet, longfor', (‘?) 'mate, copulate' > IE: NaIE *g?eig?- 'covet'

605. ^*ghow y∇ 'go away, drive away (forttreiben)' > IE: > NaIE *g?e(i)- \ *g?i- или *g?e(i)- \ *g?i- v. 'go away' ('fortgehen')

606. ^*gok*goki?) 'track' (‘ 'way'), 'to follow the tracks of'

607. ^*giK ta 'couple, one ofipair'

608. ^*gkoK ?( r∇'chest, breast' (‘ [in descendant lgs.] 'belly', 'heart')

608a. ^*giw K∇ 'long, high, far' > IE: NaIE *ko+auk+k- 'high'

609. ^*giL'shout, cry' (‘ 'weep', 'ask for') > IE: NaIE *g?el- v. 'call, shout (rufen, schreien)', {EI} 'cry out; sing'

610. ^*giL uu (~*gayiLuu) 'tortoise' > IE: {EI} *?g?elu?-s > NaIE *g?elu ?*g?(e)lou 'tortoise'

611.*gl∇ (или *gal∇) 'stalk, twig' (‘ 'stick', 'trunk ofitree') > IE: NaIE *g?alg- '(flexible) twig, pole' ({EI} 'pole, stake')

612. ^*giL? 'illness, pain, distress' > IE: NaIE *g?el- \ *g?ol- \ *g?l- (или *gl-?) id.

613. ^*goLu(или *goy∇ L u?) 'skull' > IE: NaIE *gW?olw- \ *gW?olu- \ *gW?elu- (или *g?olw-/g?olu- \ *g?elu-) 'head'

614. ^*gol∇ 'look, look for, wish' > IE: NaIE *gW?el-*g?el- v. 'wish'

615. ^*goL∇ 'foetus, baby' > IE: NaIE *gWelb?- \ *gWolb?- 'womb; young (of an animal)', *sm-gWelb?(e)yo- 'born from the same womb'

615a. ^*goL∇ 'tail'

615b. ^*go∇ 'to weep'

616. ^*gul'go (away), start going(away), set out'

617. ^*gul'dwelling' (‘ [in descendant lgs.] 'house')

618. ^*guLi'bend, be crooked' > IE: NaIE *g?wel- \ *g?ul- id., 'go astray'

619. ^*goH l∇ 'fire, glow of coal', 'to burn (br?ler)' > IE: (mt.): NaIE *g?lo- (или *g?lo-) 'coals, charcoal'

620. ^*gow lu(или *gow lu?) 'deep; valley' > IE: NaIE *g[?]el(u)- 'deep; valley'

621. ^*guu?l∇ *guu?l∇ ( - m∇ )?) или *guu?L∇ ( - m∇'? roe deer, antelope, goat'

622. ^*gol?∇ 'belly, entrails' > IE: NaIE *g?el-ond- \ *g?ol-nd- 'entrails'

623. ^*goy∇ l∇ 'pudendum muliebre'

624. ^*gil ho'to shine, to glitter, to sparkle' > IE: *g?el(?W)- \ *g?le?W- > NaIE *g?el?- \ *g?lo- 'yellow, green'

625. ^*gl ?H'be smooth' > IE: *g?le?W-d?- \ *g?l?W-d?- > NaIE *g?lod?- \ *g?l?d?- 'be smooth'

626. ^*guL Z∇ 'bend, twist'

626a. ^*gll∇ 'wind (ventus)'

627. ^*g? l∇ 'season without vegetation' ('drought, dry season', 'winter')

627a. ^*gH l'? canine animal'

628. ^*gil∇#?∇d∇ 'ice, frost; to freeze' > IE: NaIE *g?el?d- 'ice, hail' (cp. ^*gil∇ without the second N component *∇d∇ in pCK {Md.} *?il'ice, block of ice' and probably in T *k…?l'winter')

629. ^*g? m∇ (and*g? m∇?) 'altogether, full'

630. ^*ge m∇ 'strong, firm'

630a. ^*gm∇ 'heavy'

631. ^*gom∇ ~*gom∇ 'hand, fist'

632. ^*gu m b∇ 'back (dos), hump', (‘?) 'hill'

633. ^*gim∇c∇ 'to makeigrimace with one’s mouth and\or nose' ([in some descendant lgs.] ‘ 'to grin, to smile, to mock, t o laugh')

634. ^*gu m∇c∇ 'to incline, to bow, to bend'

635. ^*ga m∇si'? waterfowl,bird (a shore bird?)' > IE: NaIE *g?ans- 'goose'

636. ^*gn n∇ 'see, perceive'

637. ^*genu'jaw, cheek' > IE: NaIE *g?enu- \ *g?enw- 'jaw, chin'

637a. ^*goa n∇ 'much, big' > IE: NaIE *gW?ono-s '?ppig, reichlich', *gW?en- 'be abundant'

638. ^*goi n∇ 'beat, strike' > IE: *gW?en- \ *gW?on- \ *gW?n- \ *gW?n- 'strike', Ht kuen-'smite, raze, slay, kill', Ld f-is-qan- v. 'destroy'

639. ^*gn∇ 'lie (liegen), sleep'

640. ^*gunhi ~*guhni(или *gun?i ~*gu?ni) 'to think'

641. ^*gan H∇ 'side (of sth.), width'

642. ^*g∇ n∇b∇ или ?*g∇ n∇b∇ 'side, edge' > IE: NaIE *g{a}mb?a '? jaw'

643. ^*gn du'male'

643a. ^*gon d∇ '? ant'

644. ^*gin∇ ]p∇ (?*gin∇p∇?) 'stem, stalk, stick, stake, picket' > IE: NaIE *g+gomb[?]*g+gomp- (< **g?+g?omp-?) ?*°g+gnob[?]- 'stake, picket, (a cut off) piece of wood'

645. ^*gin t∇ 'hold, carry' > IE: NaIE *g?end- \ *g?nd- 'hold, get, contain'

646. ^*gn∇ or *gn∇ 'male genitalia'

646a. ^*giN∇ (or *gao N∇) '?flesh of leg, thigh, buttocks' > IE: NaIE *g?eng?- \ *g?ng?- '? leg\thigh\buttocks'

647. ?^*gua No 'voice; to produceisound' (‘ 'call', etc.) > IE: NaIE *g?wen- \ *g?won-, {EI} *g?wono-s 'a sound, voice'

648. ^*ga N?i'to step, to climb' > IE: NaIE *g?eng?- v. 'step' ('schreiten'), 'step' ('Schritt'), {EI} 'step, walk'

649. ^*guNK~*guNK∇ 'nape' (‘ 'neck'), 'rear part of the head' > IE: NaIE *knok(k)o-/knek(k)o- 'nape of neck; hill'

649a. ?^*goN?il∇mt.:*gol?∇ n∇ 'forearm' > IE: *?Wel∇n- 'elbow, forearm'

650. ^*gupu 'hollow, empty, hole' > IE: NaIE *geup- \ *goup- \ *gup- 'hollow, pit'

651. ^*g? p∇ 'body'

652. ^*goP Ki' tooth, hook, sharp stick'> IE: NaIE *kog- \ *keg- 'hook, claw'

653. ^*gap s'paw, hand' > IE: *g?es-r-, *g?es-to- 'hand'

654. ^*gqu'to pour, to flow' > IE: NaIE *g?eu- \ *g?u- v. 'pour', *g?eu-mn 'sth. poured, libation'

655. ^*gr∇ '?hand' > IE: NaIE {P} *g?er- 'hand', but in the light of Ht kessar- 'hand' Pokorny’s rec. is to be replaced by pIE*g?esr-, so that the IE: root does not belonghere

655a. ^*g∇ 'entrails' > IE: NaIE *g?er- 'gut(s), *g?or-na 'entrails'

656. ^*ge∇ 'throat'

657. ^*gi r∇ 'hate, be hostile' > IE: Ht kurur 'enmity (Feindschaft), enemy'; (+ ext.) NaIE *g?ers- 'repugnance, abhorrence'

657a. ^*gi∇ 'leg,bone of the leg'

657b. ^*gu∇ 'belly, body'

657c. ^*gu∇ 'forest' > IE: NaIE (att. in Blt) *°g[W?]er- 'forest' or 'tree'

658. ^*g∇ 'to roll'

659. ^*gu∇ 'beast' > IE: NaIE *g?wer- ({EI} *?g?wer / gen. *?g?wer- os) 'wild animal'

659a. ^*go r∇ (или *gwor∇?) 'grain' |||?*g∇d∇ (or cd. ^*gor∇?∇ d∇?) '? cereal' > IE: {EI} *?g?resd?(i)- 'barley'

659b. ^*gi?o r∇ '? grass' > IE: (mt.) *g?re?W- \ *g?r?W- '? grass': +ext.: NaIE *g?ros- \ *g?r?s- 'grass, herbs'; + another ext.: AS ?rAd 'grass'; Ht kariyant- 'grass', karitasXa 'grassland, lawn'

660. ^*ge?∇ r∇ 'to fence around, to encircle; enclosed place' (‘ 'build walls, huts')

661. ^*gur∇ 'look, look for' > IE: NaIE *°g[?]er?-*°g[?]wer?- > Sl *z?reti / *z?ro 'look', Lt ziureti 'to look (at)'

662. ^*gh∇ ~*gh'sunshine, day, light (Licht)' > IE: *g?er?- \ *g?re?- > NaIE *g?er?- \ *g?re- '? shine'

662a. ^*gar∇ *gar∇?) ' fish'

663. ^*guw r∇ '(roof of a) hut; to dwell'

664. ^*gir?i'old' > IE: Ht karu 'early, formerly', karu(u)ili 'former, ancient'

665. ^*gr∇ 'belly, inside'

666. ^*gir∇ 'to cut'

667. ^*go∇ '?hill, (small?) mountain' > IE: NaIE *°g[W][?]er- > pSl *go?ra 'mountain', Lt giria, Ltv † dzira, dzire 'forest, wood(s)'

668. ^*g∇u '?to fell, to strike; to fall in' > IE: NaIE *g?reu- \ *g?r?u- \ *g?ru- 'fall upon, fall in'

669. ^*gira 'sharp bough, sharp stick, sharp point' > IE: *g?er-, *g?er?- \ *g?re?- > NaIE *g?er-, *g?er?- \ *g?re- 'sharp point'

670. ?^*gr∇ 'to belch, to eruct'

671. ^*gor ho'be(come) big\long, grow' > IE: *g?re?W- \ *g?r?W- > NaIE *g?ro- \ *g?r?- 'grow, become green'

671a. ^*go'to track (game), to smell, to hear; ear' > IE: NaIE *gW?re - vt. 'smell, scent out, feel'

672. ^*gir H∇ 'try to obtain, wish, need' > IE: *g?er[?x]- > Ht kar- i(ya)- 'be gracious towards, gratify' NaIE *g?er[?]-, {EI} *g?or-(ye/o)- 'desire'

673. ^*gur?w∇ (-∇'young(carnivorous) animal'

673a. ^*go∇w∇ 'to pound, to scrape' или sim. > IE: NaIE *g?+g?r?u- 'scrape, rub away'

674. ^*gur?i'antelope, male antelope'

675. ^*gor∇ bp∇ 'scratch, scrape' > IE: NaIE *g?reb?- id., 'dig'

676. ^*gau ca 'crush, break to pieces' (или *g∇u sc∇ 'crush') > IE: NaIE *g?reus- \ *g?rous- vt. 'crush, break to pieces'

676a.?*g∇c∇ q∇ or *g∇q∇ c∇ '? stinginginsect'

677. ^*gad∇ 'encircle, surround, fence in' > IE: *g?erd?- 'surround, encircle;ifence', *g?rd?- \ *g?ord?- 'fence', v. 'enclose, fence', *g?+g?ord?-to- > *g?or-to- 'encircled land'

678. ^*g?ad∇ 'to plait, to tie, to gird (to wear sth. around one's waist)' > IE: NaIE *°g?+g?erd?- 'gird'

679. ^*gu?k ?'throat'

680. ^*grm∇ 'scrape, pound to small pieces, grind' > IE: NaIE *g?rem- 'crumble, grind, zerreiben'

681. ^*grind∇ 'log, trunk ofitree' > IE: NaIE *g?rend?- 'log, beam'

682. ^*gs∇ *gi?ss∇?) 'congeal, grow numb, stiffen' > IE: NaIE *g?ers- v. 'stiffen', {EI} 'stiffen' (of hair), 'bristle'

683. ^*gaz∇ '?to stretch, to drag' > IE: *g?er?- \ *g?re?- \ *g?ro?- \ *g?r?- v. 'be salient \ prominent (hervorstechen)', v. 'grow' (of plants)

684. ^*goZ'to feel' > IE: [1] NaIE *gW?re- (< *g?Wre?-?) vt . 'smell, scent out, feel', [2]NaIE (in Blt) *°g[W][?]erd[?]- 'hear'

684a.o*gr∇ (N∇'to thunder' > IE: NaIE *g?rem- id., 'roar, rage', *g?romo-s ({EI} *?g?romo-s) 'thunder, loud and low sound'

685. ^*gera or *geyi'to step, to walk' > IE: NaIE (+ext.) *g?red?- v. 'step, walk', {EI} 'step, go'

686. ^*gor'hot; to heat; embers' > IE: NaIE *gW?er- 'burn, heat', *gW?oros ntr.'heat, embers', *gW?re- vt. 'warm, heat', *gW?ermo-, *gW?ormo- 'warm, warmth', *gW?or-no-s 'oven, heatingfire'

687. ^*gur∇ (d∇(или *gur∇ y∇ (d∇-) 'hip, side' ([in some descendant lgs.] ‘ 'back side')

688. ^*geyri(или *gei r a) 'fire, hearth'

688a. ^*guror *gur?∇ 'throat, neck'

689. ^*gy∇ s∇ 'to cast (spear); spear' ([in S): ‘ 'wage war'; 'host [armed force]') > IE: NaIE g?aiso-s, {EI} *g?ai?so-s*g?aises- 'javelin, spear'

690. ^*ga y s∇a 'be frightened\sorrowful, worry' > IE: NaIE *g?eis- 'be frightened\scared', {EI} 'frighten'

691. ^*gu s∇a (? *gu s∇∇) 'belch, vomit'

692. ^*gi t∇ 'body, flesh'

693. ^*gut ?∇ 'small, little'

694. ^*giti'grasp, take, possess' > IE: NaIE *g?ed- v. 'acquire', 'acquisition'

694a. ?^*got∇ 'ant', 'worm'

695. ^*got∇ 'pull, draw'

696. ^*git∇ 'to pass through\over, to get through, to cross'

697. ^*giw∇ (или *giw∇?) 'to call' > IE: *g?eu- 'call to, invite, invoke' > NaIE *g?au- 'call, invoke', *g?awo-s 'a call', pp. ^*g?u(:)-to- 'called, invoked'

698. ^*giy∇ 'side, outside'

699. ^*goy∇ 'man, people'

700. ^*ga?y∇ 'to wave one’s hand, to point with one’s hand\finger' ([later] ‘ 'to wave to so., to beckon')

701. ^*gah yi'to throw, to leave, to let' > IE: NaIE *g?e(i)- 'hurl, cast'

702. ^*goe y∇ 'light, sunshine, dawn, daybreak, aurora' > IE: *gW?e?y- \ *gWy- > NaIE *gW?ai- ~ *gWi- 'light (hell), bright'

703. ^*giz∇ 'slanting, skew, bent'

704. ^*ga z∇ 'to go; way, path' > IE: *g?+g?e?- > NaIE *g?e(i)- \ *g?i- или *g?e(i)- \ *g?i- 'go away'

705. ^*gZ∇ '? hair, wool'

706. ^*guZ∇ ~*guZ? 'tracks, path; to go, to pass'

707. ?^*gZ lu(~ ?*gz l u) 'laugh, amuse' > IE: NaIE *g?leu- (< IE: **gleu- < **guzlu-?) v. 'be merry, joke, *g?oilos 'merry, wanton'

708. ^*gZ?∇ 'wish, be hungry'

709. ^*gub∇ 'to plait, to interlace, to wattle' ([in descendant lgs.] ‘ 'to weave') > IE: *xub- \ *xweb- 'plait, interlace' > NaIE *ub?- \ *web?- v. 'plait, weave'

709a. ^*gac∇ (или *g ai c∇?) '(leafy) branch, bough' > IE: *?osd-o- 'bough'

710. ?^*goK∇ sc∇ ( -∇'? canine'

711. ^*gel∇ ( - w∇'to rise in waves' (of water) > IE: NaIE *°o+ald?- 'wave'

712. ^*guL∇ *gul∇?) 'to destroy, to fight; war' > IE: *xul- \ *xWel- 'destroy, defeat'

713. ^*gil'boy, youngman'

714. ^*go L pi(или *guL p a?) 'weak, small' > IE: *xWelp- \ *xWlp- 'small'

715. ^*gil∇ 'cereals' > IE: *xel[∇]g[?]-'cereals, grain'

716. ^*gim∇ 'mouth', '(inside of) cheek'

717. ^*g∇ m∇ 'darkness, night'

718. ^*gen a'be large, be copious'

719. ^*g un∇ (или *u n∇) 'drink, eat'

720. ^*giri 'valley, hollow in the ground, cave' > IE: *xery- ~ *xry- ({EI} *?heryo-s) 'cavity' (> Ht hari-s 'valley')

721. ^*gor∇ 'to cry, to speak, to produce vocal sounds' > IE: *xWe(:)r- \ *xWr- '?speak, call' > NaIE *or- \ *?r- id.Lv h°rut- 'curse'.

722. ^*gr∇ 'skin' > IE: NaIE*erp?- (< *?eur-p?-?) \ *werp?- '? tear off', 'skin (that can be torn off)'

723. ^*gir∇ 'crush, grind' > IE: *?er?- или *?ar?- > NaIE *ar- v. 'plough'

724. ^*g∇∇ b∇ (или *- p -'dark' > IE: NaIE *ereb- \ *orob- 'dark'

725. ^*g urir∇ (или *gur∇~ *gur∇ r∇~ *gur∇ r∇?) 'skill, ruse, deceit; to deceive'

726. ^*got K∇ 'popliteal space (back of the knee), armpit' > AdSof IE: NaIE *aks- ~ *ag(e)s- (and/or *ok-?) 'armpit'

727. ^*guZe '? sheep, goat'

728. ^*gZ∇ 'feel, smell (sth.)' > IE: *?Wed-, *?od- > NaIE *od- v. 'smell (sth.)', *od-ma n. 'smell'

Страница обновлена 17.02.2023

[an error occurred while processing this directive]