Ностратические корни на G
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Праностратические корни - G
Словники
Бомхарда :
! (ʔ) |
? (ʕ) |
A (!- и ?-) |
B |
D, Dj, Dz |
G, Gj, Gw |
H |
Kh, Kjh, Kwh, K', Kj', Kw' |
L |
M |
N, Nj |
Ph |
Qh, Q', Qw' |
R |
S, Sj, Sw |
Th, Tjh, T', Tj'; Tl', Tlh; Ts, Ts' |
W |
Y ||
по темам |
подтверждено
Список праностратических лексем, начинающихся на G.
Всего - 158 корней (581 - 728), 187 лексем.
Основной источник - List of Nostratic entries and of Indo-European roots , pages 2559-2563 [PDF 1,7 M].
Дополнительный источник - Nostratic Dictionary, A (p. 562-722) [PDF 1,6 Мб].
581. * g ?'we' incl.
582. * g ai or *gay∇ 'high'
583. * g ua (или *gu? a) 'to butt, to stab, to strike'
584. * g au 'catch, take, receive' >
IE : *g?e?u- > NaIE *g?au- 'receive, catch'
585. * g u∇ 'to perceive, to care' >
IE : NaIE *g?ow(e)-({EI} *g?ou-) v. * g ?ou- 'perceive, pay heed to'
586. * g ib∇ ( -∇'head' (‘ 'top', 'skull') >
IE : NaIE *g?eb?-el-\ -?l- \ -lo- 'head, top', {EI} *g?eb?ol 'head'
587. * g ob∇ 'plain (Ebene), earth'
588. ?*guu bp'heap, hump, hunchback' >
IE : L gius,∇L {ML} *gu us 'hunchback'
589. * g ab∇ 'thick, dense; large'
590. * g u? b∇ 'to bend' (trans., intr.) >
IE : NaIE *g?eub- \ *g?ub- id., 'bent, crooked'
591. * g ab∇ (или *gab∇?) 'hold, seize; collect' >
IE : NaIE *g?ab?- v. 'seize, hold'*g?ab- v. 'seize', {EI} *g?ab?- 'take, seize'
592. * g u y b∇ 'to heat' (‘ 'to cook, to roast, to burn, to dry') >
IE : NaIE *0g[?]ob[?]- или *0g[?]Wob[?]-, *0g[?]ub[?]- 'fire'
593. ?* g ?b∇( L∇'hill, mountain' >
IE : NaIE *°g?+g?∇b[?]- >
MHG gupf(e) 'h?chste Spitze'dim. MHG gupfel, gipfel >
NHG Gipfel 'summit'
594.*gib H *- H b - 'blunt, weak' >
IE : NaIE *k?ab?-*k?ob?- 'blunt(ed), weak, powerless (abgestumpft, kraftlos)'
595. * g ub∇ *gub∇ 'back, back side, nape (of neck)' >
IE :
[1] NaIE *0g[?][W]urb[?]- > Sl *g?rb? 'back (dorsum)',
[2] NaIE *gWerwa ? *gWr?wa 'nape of neck'
596. * g ic∇ 'injure, irritate' >
IE : NaIE *g?eisd-?*geisd?- v. id., 'rile'
597. * g ic∇ (или *gic∇?) 'hip, thigh' > AdSof
IE : NaIE *keis- 'arm, thigh, shank'
598. * g ida 'bank, shore, side of sth.'
599. * g id∇ '(to be) suitable\good; luck' >
IE : NaIE *g?ed?- \ *g?od?- v. 'be suitable \ good'
600. * g di'back part; occiput, nape of neck' >
IE :NaIE *g?ed- 'anus', (‘?) 'defecate' (? NaIE *0g?+g?ed- 'hole')
601. * g ud∇(или *gud∇?) '? to cut, to tear' >
IE : NaIE *gWed?- 'destroy'
602. * g ud∇*gut∇ 'belly, middle' >
IE : NaIE *gud- \ *geud-, *gudo-m 'gut'
602a. * g u?d~*gu?d∇ (или *gu?Z~*gu?Z∇)
'to guard, to watch, to be on the watch for'
603. * g aydi(? *gayt i?) 'kid, younggoat',' antelope' >
IE : NaIE *g?+g?aido- '(young) goat'
603a. * g edus∇ 'late, evening' (‘ 'yesterday') >
IE : NaIE {P} *g?Dyes \ *g?Dis 'yesterday'
604. * g au g'covet, longfor', (‘?) 'mate, copulate' >
IE : NaIE *g?eig?- 'covet'
605. * g how y∇ 'go away, drive away (forttreiben)' >
IE : > NaIE *g?e(i)- \ *g?i- или *g?e(i)- \ *g?i- v. 'go away' ('fortgehen')
606. * g ok*goki?) 'track' (‘ 'way'), 'to follow the tracks of'
607. * g iK ta 'couple, one ofipair'
608. * g koK ?( r∇'chest, breast'
(‘ [in descendant lgs.] 'belly', 'heart')
608a. * g iw K∇ 'long, high, far' >
IE : NaIE *ko+auk+k- 'high'
609. * g iL'shout, cry' (‘ 'weep', 'ask for') >
IE : NaIE *g?el- v. 'call, shout (rufen, schreien)', {EI} 'cry out; sing'
610. * g iL uu (~*gayiLuu) 'tortoise' >
IE : {EI} *?g?elu?-s >
NaIE *g?elu ?*g?(e)lou 'tortoise'
611.*gl∇ (или *gal∇) 'stalk, twig' (‘ 'stick', 'trunk ofitree') >
IE : NaIE *g?alg- '(flexible) twig, pole' ({EI} 'pole, stake')
612. * g iL? 'illness, pain, distress' >
IE : NaIE *g?el- \ *g?ol- \ *g?l- (или *gl-?) id.
613. * g oLu(или *goy∇ L u?) 'skull' >
IE : NaIE *gW?olw- \ *gW?olu- \ *gW?elu- (или *g?olw-/g?olu- \ *g?elu-) 'head'
614. * g ol∇ 'look, look for, wish' >
IE : NaIE *gW?el-*g?el- v. 'wish'
615. * g oL∇ 'foetus, baby' >
IE : NaIE *gWelb?- \ *gWolb?- 'womb; young (of an animal)',
*sm-gWelb?(e)yo- 'born from the same womb'
615a. * g oL∇ 'tail'
615b. * g o∇ 'to weep'
616. * g ul'go (away), start going(away), set out'
617. * g ul'dwelling' (‘ [in descendant lgs.] 'house')
618. * g uLi'bend, be crooked' >
IE : NaIE *g?wel- \ *g?ul- id., 'go astray'
619. * g oH l∇ 'fire, glow of coal', 'to burn (br?ler)' >
IE : (mt.): NaIE *g?lo- (или *g?lo-) 'coals, charcoal'
620. * g ow lu(или *gow lu?) 'deep; valley' >
IE : NaIE *g[?]el(u)- 'deep; valley'
621. * g uu?l∇ *guu?l∇ ( - m∇ )?)
или *guu?L∇ ( - m∇'? roe deer, antelope, goat'
622. * g ol?∇ 'belly, entrails' >
IE : NaIE *g?el-ond- \ *g?ol-nd- 'entrails'
623. * g oy∇ l∇ 'pudendum muliebre'
624. * g il ho'to shine, to glitter, to sparkle' >
IE : *g?el(?W)- \ *g?le?W- > NaIE *g?el?- \ *g?lo- 'yellow, green'
625. * g l ?H'be smooth' >
IE : *g?le?W-d?- \ *g?l?W-d?- > NaIE *g?lod?- \ *g?l?d?- 'be smooth'
626. * g uL Z∇ 'bend, twist'
626a. * g ll∇ 'wind (ventus)'
627. * g ? l∇ 'season without vegetation'
('drought, dry season', 'winter')
627a. * g H l'? canine animal'
628. * g il∇#?∇d∇ 'ice, frost; to freeze' >
IE : NaIE *g?el?d- 'ice, hail'
(cp. * g il∇ without the second N component *∇d∇ in pCK
{Md.} *?il'ice, block of ice' and probably in T *k…?l'winter')
629. * g ? m∇ (and*g? m∇?) 'altogether, full'
630. * g e m∇ 'strong, firm'
630a. * g m∇ 'heavy'
631. * g om∇ ~*gom∇ 'hand, fist'
632. * g u m b∇ 'back (dos), hump', (‘?) 'hill'
633. * g im∇c∇
'to makeigrimace with one’s mouth and\or nose' ([in some descendant lgs.] ‘
'to grin, to smile, to mock, t o laugh')
634. * g u m∇c∇ 'to incline, to bow, to bend'
635. * g a m∇si'? waterfowl,bird (a shore bird?)' >
IE : NaIE *g?ans- 'goose'
636. * g n n∇ 'see, perceive'
637. * g enu'jaw, cheek' >
IE : NaIE *g?enu- \ *g?enw- 'jaw, chin'
637a. * g oa n∇ 'much, big' >
IE : NaIE *gW?ono-s '?ppig, reichlich', *gW?en- 'be abundant'
638. * g oi n∇ 'beat, strike' >
IE : *gW?en- \ *gW?on- \ *gW?n- \ *gW?n- 'strike',
Ht kuen-'smite, raze, slay, kill', Ld f-is-qan- v. 'destroy'
639. * g n∇ 'lie (liegen), sleep'
640. * g unhi ~*guhni(или *gun?i ~*gu?ni) 'to think'
641. * g an H∇ 'side (of sth.), width'
642. * g ∇ n∇b∇
или ?*g∇ n∇b∇ 'side, edge' >
IE : NaIE *g{a}mb?a '? jaw'
643. * g n du'male'
643a. * g on d∇ '? ant'
644. * g in∇ ]p∇ (?*gin∇p∇?) 'stem, stalk, stick, stake, picket' >
IE : NaIE *g+gomb[?]*g+gomp- (< **g?+g?omp-?) ?*°g+gnob[?]- 'stake, picket, (a cut off) piece of wood'
645. * g in t∇ 'hold, carry' >
IE : NaIE *g?end- \ *g?nd- 'hold, get, contain'
646. * g n∇ or *gn∇ 'male genitalia'
646a. * g iN∇ (or *gao N∇) '?flesh of leg, thigh, buttocks' >
IE : NaIE *g?eng?- \ *g?ng?- '? leg\thigh\buttocks'
647. ?* g ua No 'voice; to produceisound' (‘ 'call', etc.) >
IE : NaIE *g?wen- \ *g?won-, {EI} *g?wono-s 'a sound, voice'
648. * g a N?i'to step, to climb' >
IE : NaIE *g?eng?- v. 'step' ('schreiten'), 'step' ('Schritt'), {EI} 'step, walk'
649. * g uNK~*guNK∇ 'nape' (‘ 'neck'), 'rear part of the head' >
IE : NaIE *knok(k)o-/knek(k)o- 'nape of neck; hill'
649a. ?* g oN?il∇mt.:*gol?∇ n∇ 'forearm' >
IE : *?Wel∇n- 'elbow, forearm'
650. * g upu 'hollow, empty, hole' >
IE : NaIE *geup- \ *goup- \ *gup- 'hollow, pit'
651. * g ? p∇ 'body'
652. * g oP Ki' tooth, hook, sharp stick'>
IE : NaIE *kog- \ *keg- 'hook, claw'
653. * g ap s'paw, hand' >
IE : *g?es-r-, *g?es-to- 'hand'
654. * g qu'to pour, to flow' >
IE : NaIE *g?eu- \ *g?u- v. 'pour', *g?eu-mn 'sth. poured, libation'
655. * g r∇ '?hand' >
IE : NaIE {P} *g?er- 'hand', but in the light of Ht kessar- 'hand'
Pokorny’s rec. is to be replaced by pIE*g?esr-, so that the
IE : root does not belonghere
655a. * g ∇ 'entrails' >
IE : NaIE *g?er- 'gut(s), *g?or-na 'entrails'
656. * g e∇ 'throat'
657. * g i r∇ 'hate, be hostile' >
IE : Ht kurur 'enmity (Feindschaft), enemy'; (+ ext.)
NaIE *g?ers- 'repugnance, abhorrence'
657a. * g i∇ 'leg,bone of the leg'
657b. * g u∇ 'belly, body'
657c. * g u∇ 'forest' >
IE : NaIE (att. in Blt) *°g[W?]er- 'forest' or 'tree'
658. * g ∇ 'to roll'
659. * g u∇ 'beast' >
IE : NaIE *g?wer- ({EI} *?g?wer / gen. *?g?wer- os) 'wild animal'
659a. * g o r∇ (или *gwor∇?) 'grain'
|||?*g∇d∇ (or cd. * g or∇?∇ d∇?) '? cereal' >
IE : {EI} *?g?resd?(i)- 'barley'
659b. * g i?o r∇ '? grass' >
IE : (mt.) *g?re?W- \ *g?r?W- '? grass': +ext.:
NaIE *g?ros- \ *g?r?s- 'grass, herbs'; + another ext.:
AS ?rAd 'grass'; Ht kariyant- 'grass', karitasXa 'grassland, lawn'
660. * g e?∇ r∇
'to fence around, to encircle; enclosed place' (‘ 'build walls, huts')
661. * g ur∇ 'look, look for' >
IE : NaIE *°g[?]er?-*°g[?]wer?- >
Sl *z?reti / *z?ro 'look', Lt ziureti 'to look (at)'
662. * g h∇ ~*gh'sunshine, day, light (Licht)' >
IE : *g?er?- \ *g?re?- > NaIE *g?er?- \ *g?re- '? shine'
662a. * g ar∇ *gar∇?) ' fish'
663. * g uw r∇ '(roof of a) hut; to dwell'
664. * g ir?i'old' >
IE : Ht karu 'early, formerly', karu(u)ili 'former, ancient'
665. * g r∇ 'belly, inside'
666. * g ir∇ 'to cut'
667. * g o∇ '?hill, (small?) mountain' >
IE : NaIE *°g[W][?]er- >
pSl
*go?ra 'mountain', Lt giria, Ltv † dzira, dzire 'forest, wood(s)'
668. * g ∇u '?to fell, to strike; to fall in' >
IE : NaIE *g?reu- \ *g?r?u- \ *g?ru- 'fall upon, fall in'
669. * g ira 'sharp bough, sharp stick, sharp point' >
IE : *g?er-, *g?er?- \ *g?re?- > NaIE *g?er-, *g?er?- \ *g?re- 'sharp point'
670. ?* g r∇ 'to belch, to eruct'
671. * g or ho'be(come) big\long, grow' >
IE : *g?re?W- \ *g?r?W- > NaIE *g?ro- \ *g?r?- 'grow, become green'
671a. * g o'to track (game), to smell, to hear; ear' >
IE : NaIE *gW?re - vt. 'smell, scent out, feel'
672. * g ir H∇ 'try to obtain, wish, need' >
IE : *g?er[?x]- > Ht kar- i(ya)- 'be gracious towards, gratify'
NaIE *g?er[?]-, {EI} *g?or-(ye/o)- 'desire'
673. * g ur?w∇ (-∇'young(carnivorous) animal'
673a. * g o∇w∇ 'to pound, to scrape' или sim. >
IE : NaIE *g?+g?r?u- 'scrape, rub away'
674. * g ur?i'antelope, male antelope'
675. * g or∇ bp∇ 'scratch, scrape' >
IE : NaIE *g?reb?- id., 'dig'
676. * g au ca 'crush, break to pieces'
(или *g∇u sc∇ 'crush') >
IE : NaIE *g?reus- \ *g?rous- vt. 'crush, break to pieces'
676a.?*g∇c∇ q∇ or *g∇q∇ c∇ '? stinginginsect'
677. * g ad∇ 'encircle, surround, fence in' >
IE : *g?erd?- 'surround, encircle;ifence',
*g?rd?- \ *g?ord?- 'fence', v. 'enclose, fence', *g?+g?ord?-to- > *g?or-to- 'encircled land'
678. * g ?ad∇
'to plait, to tie, to gird (to wear sth. around one's waist)' >
IE : NaIE *°g?+g?erd?- 'gird'
679. * g u?k ?'throat'
680. * g rm∇ 'scrape, pound to small pieces, grind' >
IE : NaIE *g?rem- 'crumble, grind, zerreiben'
681. * g rind∇ 'log, trunk ofitree' >
IE : NaIE *g?rend?- 'log, beam'
682. * g s∇ *gi?ss∇?) 'congeal, grow numb, stiffen' >
IE : NaIE *g?ers- v. 'stiffen', {EI} 'stiffen' (of hair), 'bristle'
683. * g az∇ '?to stretch, to drag' >
IE : *g?er?- \ *g?re?- \ *g?ro?- \ *g?r?- v. 'be salient \ prominent (hervorstechen)', v. 'grow' (of plants)
684. * g oZ'to feel' > IE :
[1] NaIE *gW?re- (< *g?Wre?-?) vt . 'smell, scent out, feel',
[2]NaIE (in Blt) *°g[W][?]erd[?]- 'hear'
684a.o*gr∇ (N∇'to thunder' >
IE : NaIE *g?rem- id., 'roar, rage', *g?romo-s ({EI} *?g?romo-s) 'thunder, loud and low sound'
685. * g era or *geyi'to step, to walk' >
IE : NaIE (+ext.) *g?red?- v. 'step, walk', {EI} 'step, go'
686. * g or'hot; to heat; embers' >
IE : NaIE *gW?er- 'burn, heat', *gW?oros ntr.'heat, embers', *gW?re- vt. 'warm, heat',
*gW?ermo-, *gW?ormo- 'warm, warmth', *gW?or-no-s 'oven, heatingfire'
687. * g ur∇ (d∇(или *gur∇ y∇ (d∇-) 'hip, side'
([in some descendant lgs.] ‘ 'back side')
688. * g eyri(или *gei r a) 'fire, hearth'
688a. * g uror *gur?∇ 'throat, neck'
689. * g y∇ s∇ 'to cast (spear); spear'
([in S): ‘ 'wage war'; 'host [armed force]') >
IE : NaIE g?aiso-s, {EI} *g?ai?so-s*g?aises- 'javelin, spear'
690. * g a y s∇a 'be frightened\sorrowful, worry' >
IE : NaIE *g?eis- 'be frightened\scared', {EI} 'frighten'
691. * g u s∇a (? *gu s∇∇) 'belch, vomit'
692. * g i t∇ 'body, flesh'
693. * g ut ?∇ 'small, little'
694. * g iti'grasp, take, possess' >
IE : NaIE *g?ed- v. 'acquire', 'acquisition'
694a. ?* g ot∇ 'ant', 'worm'
695. * g ot∇ 'pull, draw'
696. * g it∇ 'to pass through\over, to get through, to cross'
697. * g iw∇ (или *giw∇?) 'to call' >
IE : *g?eu- 'call to, invite, invoke' >
NaIE *g?au- 'call, invoke', *g?awo-s 'a call', pp. * g ?u(:)-to- 'called, invoked'
698. * g iy∇ 'side, outside'
699. * g oy∇ 'man, people'
700. * g a?y∇ 'to wave one’s hand, to point with one’s hand\finger'
([later] ‘ 'to wave to so., to beckon')
701. * g ah yi'to throw, to leave, to let' >
IE : NaIE *g?e(i)- 'hurl, cast'
702. * g oe y∇ 'light, sunshine, dawn, daybreak, aurora' >
IE : *gW?e?y- \ *gWy- > NaIE *gW?ai- ~ *gWi- 'light (hell), bright'
703. * g iz∇ 'slanting, skew, bent'
704. * g a z∇ 'to go; way, path' >
IE : *g?+g?e?- > NaIE *g?e(i)- \ *g?i- или *g?e(i)- \ *g?i- 'go away'
705. * g Z∇ '? hair, wool'
706. * g uZ∇ ~*guZ? 'tracks, path; to go, to pass'
707. ?* g Z lu(~ ?*gz l u) 'laugh, amuse' >
IE : NaIE *g?leu- (< IE : **gleu- < **guzlu-?)
v. 'be merry, joke, *g?oilos 'merry, wanton'
708. * g Z?∇ 'wish, be hungry'
709. * g ub∇ 'to plait, to interlace, to wattle'
([in descendant lgs.] ‘ 'to weave') >
IE : *xub- \ *xweb- 'plait, interlace' > NaIE *ub?- \ *web?- v. 'plait, weave'
709a. * g ac∇ (или *g ai c∇?) '(leafy) branch, bough' >
IE : *?osd-o- 'bough'
710. ?* g oK∇ sc∇ ( -∇'? canine'
711. * g el∇ ( - w∇'to rise in waves' (of water) >
IE : NaIE *°o+ald?- 'wave'
712. * g uL∇ *gul∇?) 'to destroy, to fight; war' >
IE : *xul- \ *xWel- 'destroy, defeat'
713. * g il'boy, youngman'
714. * g o L pi(или *guL p a?) 'weak, small' >
IE : *xWelp- \ *xWlp- 'small'
715. * g il∇ 'cereals' >
IE : *xel[∇]g[?]-'cereals, grain'
716. * g im∇ 'mouth', '(inside of) cheek'
717. * g ∇ m∇ 'darkness, night'
718. * g en a'be large, be copious'
719. * g un∇ (или *u n∇) 'drink, eat'
720. * g iri 'valley, hollow in the ground, cave' >
IE : *xery- ~ *xry- ({EI} *?heryo-s) 'cavity' (> Ht hari-s 'valley')
721. * g or∇ 'to cry, to speak, to produce vocal sounds' >
IE : *xWe(:)r- \ *xWr- '?speak, call' > NaIE *or- \ *?r- id.Lv h°rut- 'curse'.
722. * g r∇ 'skin' >
IE : NaIE *erp?- (< *?eur-p?-?) \ *werp?- '? tear off', 'skin (that can be torn off)'
723. * g ir∇ 'crush, grind' >
IE : *?er?- или *?ar?- > NaIE *ar- v. 'plough'
724. * g ∇∇ b∇ (или *- p -'dark' >
IE : NaIE *ereb- \ *orob- 'dark'
725. * g urir∇ (или *gur∇~ *gur∇ r∇~ *gur∇ r∇?)
'skill, ruse, deceit; to deceive'
726. * g ot K∇ 'popliteal space (back of the knee), armpit' > AdSof
IE : NaIE *aks- ~ *ag(e)s- (and/or *ok-?) 'armpit'
727. * g uZe '? sheep, goat'
728. * g Z∇ 'feel, smell (sth.)' >
IE : *?Wed-, *?od- > NaIE *od- v. 'smell (sth.)', *od-ma n. 'smell'
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